Tips on Mathematicsthat would be set in this years' Jamb

MATHEMATICS GENERAL OBJECTIVE: The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) syllabus in Mathematics is to prepare the candidates for the Board's examination. It is designed to test the achievement of the course objectives, which are to: =>Acquire computational and manipulative skills; =>Develop precise, logical and formal reasoning skills; =>Apply mathematical concepts to resolve issues in daily living This syllabus is divided into five sections: [1] Number and Numeration. [2] Algebra [3] Geometry/Trigonometry. [4] Calculus [5] Statistics SECTION I: NUMBER AND NUMERATION. TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES 1. Number bases: (a) Operations in different number bases from 2 to 10; (b) Conversion from one base to another including fractionalparts. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: Perform four basic operations' (x, ,-,?ii. Convert one base to another. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 2. Fractions, Decimals, Approximations and Percentages: (a) Fractions and decimals (b) Significant figures (c) Decimal places (d) Percentage errors (e) Simple interest (f) Profit and loss per cent (g) Ratio, proportion and rate OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Perform basic operations (x, ,-, ?n fractions and decimals; ii.Express to specified number of significant figures and decimal places. iii.Calculate simple interest, profit and loss per cent, ratio proportion and rate. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 3. Indices, Logarithms and Surds: (a) Laws of indices (b) Standard form (c) Laws of logarithm (d) Logarithm of any positive number to a given base, (e) Change of bases in logarithm and application. (f) Relationship between indices and logarithm (g) Surds OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Apply the laws of indices in calculation; ii. Establish the relationship between indices and logarithms in solving problems; iii. Solve problems in different bases in logarithms. iv. Simplify and rationalize surds. v Perform basic operation on syrds TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES[/ [u]4. Sets (a) Types of sets (b) Algebra of sets (c) Venn diagrams and their OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Identify types of sets, i.e empty, universal, compliments, subsets, finite, infinite and disjoint sets; ii. Solve set problems using symbol; iii. Use Venn diagrams to solve problems involving not more than 3 sets. SECTION II: ALGEBRA TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES i. Polynomials (a) Change of subject of formula (b) Factor and remainder theorems (c) Factorization of polynomials of degree not exceeding 3. (d) Multiplication and division of polynomials (e) Roots of polynomials not exceeding degree 3 (f) Simultaneous equations including one linear, one quadratic (g) Graphs of polynomials of degree not greater than 3 OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Find the subject of the formula of a given equation; ii. Apply factor and remainder theorem to factorize a given expression; iii. Multiply and divide polynomials of degree not more than 3; iv. Factorize by regrouping difference of two squares, perfect squares, etc. v. Solve simultaneous equations - one linear, one quadratic; vi. Interpret graphs of polynomials including application to maximum and minimum values. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 2. Variation (a) Direct (b) Inverse. (c) Joint (d) Partial (e) Percentage increase and decrease. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Solve problems involving direct, inverse, joint and partial variations ii. Solve problems on percentage increase and decrease in variation. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 3. Inequalities: (a) Analytical and graphical solutions of linear inequalities. (b) Quadratic inequalities with integral roots only. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: =>Solve problems on linear and quadratic Inequalities both analytically and graphically TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 4. Progression: (a) Nth term of a progression (b) Sum of A. P. and G. P. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Determine the nth term of a progression; ii. Compute the sum of A. P. and G.P; iii. Sum to infinity a given G.P TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 5. Binary Operations: (a) Properties of closure, commutativity, associativity and distributivity. (b) Identity and inverse elements OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Solve problems involving closure, commutativity, associativity and distributivity; ii. Solve problems involving identity and inverse elements. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 6. Matrices and Determinants: (a) Algebra of matrices not exceeding 3x3. (b) Determinants of matrices not exceeding 3x3. (c) Inverses of 2 x 2 matrices [excluding quadratic and higher degree equations. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Perform basic operations (x, , ? on matrices; ii. Calculate determinants; iii. Compute inverses of 2 x 2 matrices SECTION III: GEOMETRIC AND TRIGONOMETRY TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 1. Euclidean Geometry: (a) Angles and lines (b) Polygon; triangles, quadrilaterals and general polygon. (c) Circles, angle properties, cyclic, quadr ilaterals and interesting chords. (d) Construction. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Identify various types of lines and angles; ii. Solve problems involving polygons; iii. Calculate angles using circle iii. theorems; iv. Identify construction procedures of special angles, e.g. 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90° etc. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 2. Mensuration: (a) Lengths and areas of plane geometrical figures. (b) Length s of arcs and chords of a circle. (c) Areas of sectors and segments of circle. (d) Surface areas and volumes of simple solids and composite figures. (e) The earth as a sphere, longitudes and latitudes. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Calculate the perimeters and areas of triangles, quadrilaterals, circles and composite figures; ii. Find the length of an arc. a chord and areas of sectors and segments of circles; iii. Calculate total surface areas and volumes of cuboids, cylinders. Cones, pyramids, prisms, sphere and composite figures; iv. Determine the distance between two points on the earth's surface. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 3.Loci: Locus in 2 dimensions based on geometric principles relating to lines and curves. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: Identify and interpret loci relating to parallel lines, perpendicular bisectors angle bisectors and circles. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 4.Coordinate Geometry: =>Midpoint and gradient of a line segment. =>Distance between two points. =>Parallel and perpendicular lines =>Equations of straight lines. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Determine the midpoint and gradient of a line segment; ii. Find distance between two points; iii. Identify conditions for parallelism and perpendicularity. iv. Find the equation of a line in the two-point form, point-slope form, slope intercept form and the general form. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 5. Trigonometry =>Trigonometric ratios of angels. =>Angles, of elevation and depression and bearing. =>Areas and solutions of triangle =>Graphs of sine and cosine =>Sine and cosine formulae. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Calculate the sine, cosine and tangent of angles between - 360°= 0=360°; ii. Apply those special angles, e.g. 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 135° to solve simple problems in trigonometry. iii. Solve problems involving angles of elevation and depression and bearing; iv. Apply trigonometric formulae to find areas of triangles; v. Solve problems involving sine and cosine graphs. SECTION IV: CALCULUS TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES I. Differentiation: =>limit of a function; =>Differentiation of explicit algebraic and simple trigonometric functions -sine, cosine and tangent OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Find the limit of a function ii. Differentiate explicit algebraic and simple trigonometric functions TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 2. Application of differentiation: (a) rate of change (b) maxima and minima OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: =>Solve problems involving applications of rate of change, maxima and minima. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 1. Integration: (a) integration of explicit algebraic and simple trigonometric functions. (b) Area under the curve. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Solve problems of integration - involving algebraic and simple trigonometric functions; ii. Calculate area under the curve (simple cases only). SECTION V: STATISTICS; TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 1. Representation of data: (a) Frequency distribution (b) Histogram, bar chat and pie chart OBJECTIVES Candidates should be to: i. Identify and interpret frequency distribution tables; ii. Interprete information on histogram, bar chat and pie chart TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 2. Measures of Location: (a) Mean, mode and median of grouped and ungrouped data (simple cases only) ? (b) Cumulative frequency. OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: i. Calculate the mean, mode and median of ungrouped and grouped data (simple cases only) ii. Use or give to find the median quartiles and percentiles. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES[b] 3. Measures of Dispersion: =>Range, mean deviation, variance and standard deviation. [b]OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: =>Calculate the range, mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of grouped and ungrouped data TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 4. Permutation and Combination OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: =>Solve simple problems involving permutation and combination. TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES 5. Probability OBJECTIVES Candidates should be able to: =>Solve simple problems in probability including addition and multiplication). MATHEMATICS RECOMMENDED TEXTS =>Adelodun A. A (2000) Distinction in Mathematics: Comprehensive Revision Text, (3rd Edition) Ado-Ekiti: FNPL. =>Anyebe, J. A. B (1998) Basic Mathematics for Senior Secondary Schools and Remedial Students in Higher Institutions, Lagos: Kenny Moore. =>Channon, J. B. Smith, A. M (2001) New General Mathematics for West Africa SSS1 to 3, Lagos: Longman. =>David -Osuagwu, M. et al (2000) New School Mathematics for Senior Secondary Schools, Onitsha: Africana - FIRST Publishers. =>Egbe. E et al (2000) Further Mathematics, Onitsha: Africana -FIRST Publishers =>Ibude, S. O. et al (2003) Algebra and Calculus for Schools and Colleges: LINCEL Publishers. =>Tuttub - Adegun M. R. et al (1997), Further Mathematics Project Books 1 to 3, Ibadan; NPS Educational =>Oloworise Femi John (2009) Complete Mathematics, Jolem publishers, Kaduna =>Paul Sisson (2003) College algebra, Hawks Publishing =>10.Earl W. Swokowski Jeffery A. Cole (2007) Algebra and trigometry with analytic geometry, Thompson Books/Cole =>11 .R. Smedley and G. Wiseman (2001) Intoducing pure Mathematics Sedition, Oxford Univ. Press =>12. A. Godman and J. F. Talbert (2005) Additional Mathematics Pure and applied, Longman Publishers =>13. Murrey R. Spiegel and Lary J. Stephens (1998) Schaum's outline series =>Third edition, McGrew Hill, U.S.A